Communication Studies Interal Assessment Essay

It is no secret that females are excelling in education and leadership at a faster rate than males. Our boys are being marginalized and girls are being considered more brilliant. This has personally grabbed my interest and consequently i have chosen to examine how well the GSAT prepares our males for high school level. For this Internal Assessment my attention will be centred on the extent to which the Grade Six Achievement Test prepares male students for academic progress and achieve in the future schools, and if the examination itself caters to their learning style. In the reflection of this assessment i will highlight some of the issues faced by males in preparation the GSAT and in the expository section of this i will discuss the issues and challenges brought out in the story, thus all contributes in achieving the purpose. Education is related to my academic interest as personally it pains my heart to see how boys in the Rockfort area and even the society at large are being marginalized. Even now, I teach a math class of about 10 students and not one of them are mails. In the future by whatever means possible i would like to make a difference in that. Having had this experience I now would like to help to offer my time and skills in assisting males preparing for GSAT or any other examination as a work related interest. Having gone through the system and being a high achiever myself I know there is a lot I have to offer which will eventually help even my own development. In all that, the purpose of the topic is t let my readers and listeners know that there are weaknesses in the GSAT that are affecting our males. Preface The purpose of the reflection is ultimately to highlight the some of the weaknesses in the GSAT that are affecting our males. It will also show the lack of preparation on getting male students ready to sit the examination. It will further look at the limitations to the curriculum in meeting the learning styles of males. The Ministry of Education on a broad scale will be the target in this story of the poor performance of the boys. The GSAT curriculum developers also will be targeted as to the reason for the poor performance of boys in the examination; they being the ones to set the structure of the examination. The setting of the story will take place in the community of Rockfort (Kingston 2). This is inclusive of a school known as the Windward Road Primary and Junior High school. Characters in the Story will communicate mainly interpersonally, but there may also be intrapersonal communication and small group communication in its minority. The point I wish to bring across in this story is that, the GSAT is not doing enough for our boys. It doesn’t meet the requirements of some the males sitting the examination. Males are rather more practically inclined, and oral in their expression. These things are to be taking into consideration when making the GSAT curriculum. Thus my final point is the GSAT is unsophisticated.

Macadams Case Study

This Increase was necessitated by the fact that Macadam's had embarked on an solution spree Ana required tons Tuning to secular Lavas Brothers In I-array 1996, as well as to fund the investment in new factories, land and distribution warehouses across the country. The short term debt had increased by 229%. This increase would have been necessary to fund their working capital obligations, as short term debt is significantly more expensive to service than long term debt. Despite the massive increase in debt, the interest cover ratio is still healthy.This however, is not a cash based ratio and gives us no indication as to whether the many is able to make its cash payments to service the increased quantities of debt. The current ratio and quick ratio gives us an indication of the company's ability to repay its short term debt. Macadam's have a very high current ratio, which shows that on the accrual basis the company's short term assets are readily available to pay off its short term lia bilities. The inventory on hand days have increased, together with the debtor's collection period.This further exacerbates the cash flow problems as their cash is tied up in working capital. The longer collection period is probably indicative of more relaxed reedit terms – while this may boost sales and may well be a contributing factor to the increased turnover, it also presents a problem to the businesses scofflaws as well as an increased bad debt risk. Both the fixed asset turnover and total asset turnover have declined, due to an increased asset base resultant from large acquisitions in the current year, as well as the inability to use these assets as efficiently as possible.This is supported by the increased profit margin discussed below. Profitability The business displayed healthy turnover, which increased by 58. 5% from the prior ear. The group is obviously doing well in terms of growth, but perhaps they were trying to grow too fast. A 58. 5% increase in turnover cann ot be sustainable without a strong balance sheet to support it. The turnover growth in the current year (1996) was largely attributable to surging demand for their products, a favorable exchange rate for their exports and acquisitions of businesses which complement their existing operations.Their operating margin was up from 10. 8% to 14. 9% showing that the company was operating more efficiently. Net profit margin increased from 7. 4% to 8. 5%. Not only were they boosting turnover, they were also managing to increase their margins. Total net profit attributable to shareholders was up 81% from the prior year. Cash flow From the ratio analysis above as well inspection of the face of the income statement, Macadam's appear to be making higher sales and larger profits off of these sales. Upon inspection of the cash flow statement, a different picture is seen.The large increase in working capital of 595% from R 2, 7 million to R 19 million, resulted in Macadam's Delve unmade to Tuna tene t operating Ana Investing satellites. I Nils introduction between the two statements highlights the increased profitability, but negative (and worsening) cash flows. A further draw-down of increased working capital cost is explained in the balance sheet with an increase in inventory of 66% (R 12 million) to meet consumer demand which was funded out of cash resources as well as increased debtors of 129% (R 15 million) due to increased credit sales.Furthermore, creditors increased by 87% (R 8 million), which only partially offset the increase in current assets. Conclusion Macadam's is earning high sales and profits, but has serious cash flow problems I. . The business is too successful, as they are trying to grow too quickly. Cash is seen to be the lifeblood of a business and the accrual of accounting profits are meaningless unless they are converted into cash flow.There are certain options available to overcome this problem, being: ; Cutting back on growth (which is never popular) ; Increasing borrowings (which wouldn't be a wise choice, as the movement in the cash-flow statement shows an inability to service current interest payments) ; Improving working capital management (which would necessitate a cut back in Roth) ; Arrange alternative financing (a reasonable solution by means of sale and leasebacks), or ; Issue more shares (which is what was chosen) Macadam's nearly failed as a business despite the fact that they had a successful idea and product that was in high demand.They resolved this by issuing more shares to institutions for cash, as well to fund the acquisition of Livings Pros and other fixed property acquired. They also recommended a capitalization issue in lieu of cash dividends to retain as much cash reserves as possible. If I owned shares in this company at this point I would (buy/sell)

Oedipus the King and Alienation

Alienation is the process of becoming a separate part of the society; this is connected to the social side of life. It leaves one with a feeling of loneliness, which can either be mental or physical. As a result, characters in this instance become alienated from the world they live in. Three examples of characters who suffer from alienation are Oedipus from the play Oedipus the King, â€Å"the monster† from the novel Frankenstein, and Hamlet in the play Hamlet. These three characters go through the several stages of alienation to relieve themselves from the feeling of loneliness.The stages of alienation include initiation, journey, suffering, and reconciliation. Initiation is an examination of oneself to decide the steps of changing out of alienation. Journey is the process in which the alienated one goes through different steps, mentally or emotionally, from one experience to the next. Suffering is the pain or distress that alienation causes. Reconciliation is the last step i n alienation that reunites the alienated one with their society, peers, or even loved ones.In the play Oedipus the King, by Sophocles, Oedipus is alienated from the city of Thebes because he kills his own father and commits incest with his own mother. The city of Thebes was under a plague until the murderer of King Laius was found. Oedipus becomes the new King after the death of Laius and begins his search for the murderer. Oedipus searches for Tiresias, the blind prophet. When he gets to Tiresias he asks him what he knows about the murder. Tiresias responds by telling Oedipus the truth brings him nothing except pain.He continues to refuse to tell Oedipus what he sees. Oedipus gets mad at the old prophet and begins to accuse him of the murder of the King. This angers Tiresias and he tells the truth that he has discovered that Oedipus himself is the murderer of Laius. Tiresias says â€Å"he'll be revealed a brother and a father to his children in his house, husband and son to her wh o gave him birth; wife-sharer and the killer of his father† (Sophocles 74). Oedipus of course denies these accusations against him and in return he accuses Tiresias and Creon of plotting against him and leaves them.Oedipus ends up finding out from a shepherd that his real parents are not his biological parents. The original shepherd who took Oedipus in as a child, learned of his fate, that Oedipus would kill his father and marry his mother. He decided it was best to pass the young boy onto another shepherd in the next city over, Corinth. He expected if Oedipus was in a foreign city that his fate would not come true. Oedipus realizes who he is and who his parents are. The last words Oedipus mother says to him were â€Å"to live where time allows, and have a better life than the man who fathered you† (Sophocles 89).His mother ends up killing herself and Oedipus takes the pins from her robes and stabs his eyes out, he then is alienated from the city of Thebes. Oedipus is v ery much alienated from his society, friends, and family. Oedipus initiation is himself trying to find out the real story behind the murder of the King. His journey is the steps he learns along the way that build up to him discovering who he actually is. It was a long journey for Oedipus in which his fate caught up to him just like Tiresias says, â€Å"Oedipus' cloud of darkness is inescapable, unspeakable, unstoppable, driven by cruel winds† (Sophocles 49).Oedipus suffers from the fact that he not only killed his father, but married his own mother. He also looks like a liar to the entire city of Thebes, as they trusted him to find the murderer so they could be saved. At the end, Oedipus is reconciled with the truth and decides to stab his eyes. Oedipus is the classical example of a tragic hero who also shows the reality of fate and alienation. In the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley the monster is alienated from the world. The story begins with Captain Robert Walton saili ng to the North Pole. His boat gets stuck hundreds of miles from land in sheets of ice.He decides to write a letter to his sister back in England and he talks about how he wants a male friend to keep him company on the boat. Walton then runs into Victor, a very strange man to say the least. Victor talks about his life to Walton and explains about this creature he made out of human corpses. Back in Geneva, Victor’s hometown, his brother is murdered. The house servant, Justine, is accused of the murder of William. Victor realizes the monster he made is the murderer and Justine is in fact innocent. Victor decides to go on a trip to the Swiss Alps to sleep and relax.Victor ends up running into the monster. The monster tells him a sad story about how he was alienated from the world and how he killed the boy out of revenge. The monster is mad that he was made alone and has no friends. He talks about how he has a miserable life. The monster says â€Å"I, the miserable and the aband oned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on† (Shelley 67). He explains a story about how a family of cottagers gave him hope that he would soon find compassion. They ended up deserting him and driving him away and this was his last chance to connect with society.â€Å"I am alone and miserable: man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself to me. My companion must be of the same species and have the same defects. This being you must create† (Shelley 143). The monster asks Victor to create a female friend for him. After a lot of convincing, Victor decides to do it. Victor ends up killing his attempt at a monster figuring that the first monster is tricking him so that they can destroy man kind. Victor returns to Geneva to marry Elizabeth and he then remembers the promise of how the monster wanted to be with him on his wedding night.The night of the wedding the monster ends up killing Elizabeth and Victor's father passes away from all of the grief. The monster wanted the revenge on Victor for not creating him a companion. Victor ends up chasing the monster down but the story ends with Victor dying and the monster crying over Victor's dead body. The monster then says he has nothing to live for and goes off to die. Before he goes off, the monster says â€Å"Was there no injustice in this? Am I to be thought the only criminal, when all human kind sinned against me† (Shelley 197).The monster suffers alienation because his maker left him alone with a miserable life. He has no compassion for anything and has no companion to spend his time with. The monster tries to get over alienation by getting revenge on the people who do not help him. His initiation is explaining his story and loneliness to Victor. The monsters journey is the story of his life without compassion, a companion, or anyone to look out for him. He suffers from being lied to a lot and gets revenge by killing peo ple. At the end he realized Victor was the best thing going for him and regrets revenging him, this is the monsters reconciliation.In the play Hamlet, by Shakespeare, Hamlet is alienated from society, but more importantly from his own family. Hamlet returns home from college to discover that his father, who is also the King, has been murdered. Hamlet’s mother and uncle are now dating, just a few days after his father’s death. I believe the first person to alienate Hamlet is Gertrude. The one person Hamlet would least ever expect to do this to him, his own mother. She has not grieved at all over her husband’s death and has completely ignored Hamlet's feelings about the situation. She ends up marrying Claudius, who was her husband’s brother, and soon to be found murderer.Since Claudius marries Gertrude he is the new King, this strongly angers Hamlet. Gertrude does not even see why her son is so angry about the situation. These are two examples that show how Hamlet's family members alienated him. Then Hamlet catches Claudius and Polonius spying on him, this frustrates Hamlet extremely. Claudius murdered Hamlet's father and Hamlet is out to prove it. Procrastination stops Hamlet from taking actions into his own hands towards Claudius and this causes problems within the family. Hamlets own two best friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, are even sent just to spy on him and watch him for Claudius.Hamlet does not know who to tell about the murder so thoughts of suicide posses his mind. He says â€Å"I am myself indifferent honest, but yet I could accuse me of such things that it were better my mother had not borne me† (Shakespeare 146). Hamlet is feeling helpless and unaware of what to do about his father’s murder. It only makes it worse on him that he has no parents to talk to about the situation. He has thoughts of killing Claudius but he can not tell his mother, Claudius, Polonius, or Ophelia about his plot to kill Claudiu s.Hamlet feels like he is trapped, he says â€Å"Denmark's a prison† (Shakespeare 112). He can speak to no one just as if he were a prisoner in jail. Not having the ability of talking to others for help about situations leaves one with a feeling of alienation. Ophelia also experiences alienation. She experiences hers through Hamlet. Ophelia ends up killing herself though, unlike Hamlet. Gertrude blames Ophelia for the way Hamlet was acting and and says: â€Å"For your part, Ophelia, I do wish that your good beauties be the happy cause for Hamlet's madness† (Shakespeare 140).The queen has a guilt complex and always has to blame someone; she rests the guilt of Hamlets madness on the shoulders of Ophelia. Hamlet and Ophelia both suffer from alienation. Hamlet has no one to talk to about his whole situation and is forced to feel alienated about it all. He has to figure everything out himself and prove himself right. He is a very strong character and makes it through to pro ve his point. Hamlet and Ophelia suffer from alienation throughout Shakespeare's play, Hamlet. Hamlet and Laertes are spied on by Claudius and Polonius so that Claudius is kept safe.Gertrude also blames Ophelia for Hamlet's insanity and as a result of the alienation; Hamlet and Ophelia meet a tragic end. These three characters discussed, Oedipus, the monster, and Hamlet, all suffer from various forms of character alienation. All three of them suffer through the stages of alienation: initiation, journey, suffering and reconciliation. In this sense, they are all similar. They also differ in their alienations. Oedipus is not alienated until then end, until his fate unfolds. The monster has been alienated his whole entire life and therefore takes it out by revenging on people.Hamlet is alienated when he comes home from college and discovers his father has been murdered. Over time Hamlet reconciles and proves himself right, reviving from alienation. Oedipus and the monster never recover from alienation. All of these are examples of characters who have been alienated by different ways. In the end though, fate will always catch up rather it be positive, in Hamlets case, or negative, in Oedipus'. These characters initiated, went for the journey, suffered the pain and they reconciled, all because of alienation.

Short answers_THE RISE OF NAZISM IN WEIMAR GERMANY (1919-1934) Assignment

Short answers_THE RISE OF NAZISM IN WEIMAR GERMANY (1919-1934) - Assignment Example ect the country to economic recovery, and assert German nationalism, solutions that the country greatly needed (Fritzsche, 1998).   Hitler’s diplomatic successes in foreign nations also added to the appeal of the Nazi movement to the German people. The German National Socialist party was based on the ideology that the German people were superior to other people (Hitler, 1925). In this respect, the movement emphasized German nationalism. As noted by Adolf Hitler in his Mein Kampf, the movement was founded on the premise that the Aryan master race was superior to all other races and that other races were in conflict especially with the master race. More especially, the Nazi movement believed that Jews were a mixed race which had infiltrated many societies was behind the repression and exploitation of the master race. Apart from its racial and anti-Semitic ideals, the Nazi movement was based on the need to expand Germany to provide more living space and resources to the Germans (Hitler, 1925). The Nazi movement felt that Germany was overpopulated and the territory occupied by the Germans was not enough for the people’s wellbeing, especially following the First World War. In this respect, Hitler noted that Germany’s relationship with Russia would be friendly if the latter if only Russia agreed to the re-establishment of the borders created by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Nazis believed that communism and capitalism were both dangerous to the nation (Hitler, 1925). Communism according to the Nazis would dissolve private property and would aggravate class conflict among other reasons. On the other hand they believed that capitalism destroys nations because of Jewish influences, international finance, and dominance by big corporations. Totalitarianism was yet another ideal of the Nazi m ovement as it believed that individual needs were less important compared to those of the community. Hitler, the main brain behind the Nazi movement stated that order and national

Changes in the Nature of War and Diplomacy after 1989 Essay

Changes in the Nature of War and Diplomacy after 1989 - Essay Example This led to the carving out of the world into two: the Sino-Soviet East and the Anglo-American led West. Although the United States was the first country to create and use atomic bombs in the Second World War, other nations like the Soviet Union developed their own atomic bombs. In the first decade after the Second World War ended, Britain had also joined the group of nations with atomic bombs. These atomic bombs were further developed into nuclear bombs and France and China also acquired theirs. In the 1960s, a trend known as Atomic Diplomacy took centre-stage because the Soviets and the Americans had these weapons (Watson, 1989). However, the extent of damage that the weapons could cause for civilians in both countries. The need for deterrence prompted diplomacy for these two nations. One significant thing that came up after the Second World War was the formation of the United Nations which became a machinery for the rapid decolonisation of nations around the world (Robbins, 2010). The United Nations declared that it was illegal for nations to be ruled by foreign powers and this led to the collapse of the British and French colonial empires.... The first war was the Korean War fought right after the Second World War in the early 1950s. It led to the division of Korea into two parts, a Communist state in the north and a Capitalist state in the south. Other conflicts raged on in Vietnam and other countries where there were divisions on the lines of the dominant global ideological trends and patterns. There were internal struggles and coup d'etats that were influenced by these dominant powers. These were proxy wars that were fought by the chief proponents of these ideologies through their agents in foreign nations. This trend ended until the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan and fought a deadly and expensive war with Muslim militants who were backed by the West. This war effectively ended in 1989 and led to the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union. The end of the war marked a significant change in patterns and trends in war around the world. Aims and Objectives This paper seeks to identify how the nature of war has changed sin ce 1989. The essay would examine the important changes that have occurred in the conduct of war from the perspective of international relations. In doing this, the paper would explore the following objectives: 1. An examination of important changes in international relations and global order since 1989 2. Influence of the changes in international relations and global order after 1989 on wars. 3. Analysis of theories that define the current global order and its impacts on wars. 4. Evaluation of new trends in global order: Terrorism, Islamic Militancy & Internal Strives Changes in Global Order after 1989 In 1989, the Berlin Wall which acted as the symbol of the Iron Curtain which separated the Soviet-controlled Eastern Europe from Western Europe. The unification of

News Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

News Analysis - Essay Example For the purpose of understanding discourse and its types, a rigorous narrative analysis of news stories retrieved from the newspaper The Globe and Mail and CBC Network’s broadcast are used. The news story itself is related to Pope Benedict’s resignation that was announced on 11th February, 2013. Critical analysis of the story helped in understanding how the dominant discourses construct a story for the audience with structure of roles and point of views being the important factors, and helps them derive meaning out of it,. In the given story, moral, religious and legal discourses are apparent in the language used in the news paper article published in The Globe and Mail. The headline stated, â€Å"Pope Benedict’s sudden resignation reveals an independent mind† followed by a great deal of explanation about his modesty and him being knowledgeable of limits imposed on him by the moral obligations toward Church. The figure speech illustrates how the newspaper has declared Pope to have complete command over his decisions and who cannot be suppressed by external social variables. This is where the speech recognizes his legal right of being independent. Legal discourse is also apparent in the news article due to phrases like reasonably solid reforms, good CEO, holding individuals accountable. Furthermore, it can be observed that where sudden resignation is attempting to add anxiety in the minds of readers, it is equally attempting to portray Pope as a dominant and sovereign figure. Following discussion about his modesty illustrates how moral discourse is being used for the purpose of defining him to be a man of high morality. Where sexual abuse of children by priests has made headlines of news worldwide, stirring major controversy about Church and Pope Benedict himself, this article is developing a persona of a just man who has undertaken his responsibility of avoiding future abuse. On the other hand, exploratory analysis of discourse used in CBC news broadcast regarding Pope’s resignation showed medical, legal and moral discourses. It was observed that a huge part of speech was attempting to define the repercussions of diminishing health conditions on Pope’s ability to pursue as the leader of the Church. His condition has been described as being feeble, weak and tired with frequent absences from the office of Pope. Special emphasis on Pope’s brother’s statement illustrate how the news reader is trying to provide medical justification to Pope’s actions by stressing on specific words that had medical value attached to them. Another major theme emerging is legal discourse when the news reader attempts to describe Pope’s action as an obligation towards church i.e. if he cannot perform well, he should leave, providing legal justification to the resignation. The words used to elaborate the surprised responses of Vatican Cardinal and Christians all around the world however demean th e moral statue of his action. Phrases like â€Å"the Pope took them by surprise† or â€Å"gravity of this gesture† illustrates how the news reader is questioning the morality behind his actions. Discussion about Pope Benedict not being part of new selection process defines that there is a moral and legal discourse visible illustrating that Pope will not add bias to the selection process or conclave. Second part of news coverage uses legal

Leprosy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leprosy - Research Paper Example Various studies indicate that most patients attain nerve damage at diagnosis, which rates from 20 % in Bangladesh to 56 %in Ethiopia. These patients suffering from nerve damages have a high risk of developing disability if there lacks proper treatment (Lockwood, 1516). Doerr adds that failure of treating leprosy can lead to permanent harm of various body parts leading to overwhelming disfigurement and consequent disability (1). Mycobacterium leprae is a rod-shaped bacterium that is responsible for causing leprosy. G.A. Hansen discovered the bacterium in the year1873. Since this bacterium multiplies slowly, signs and symptoms of this disease may not develop and most people may not recognize them until much later after exposure to M. leprae. This may take place from several weeks after infection to 30 years or more. Even though humans are the chief host for infection with M. leprae, other animals such as mangabey monkeys, armadillos and chimpanzees also acts as hosts for infection. Though the precise route of transmission is still a mystery, most experts deem that transmission of leprosy occur through droplets from the nose and mouth during close protracted contact with an infected person (Doerr, 2). In about 80 nations of Africa, Latin America and Asia, prevalence of Leprosy occurs significantly. In a year, almost 600 000 new cases occur and almost 2400 million people live in nations with occurrence of leprosy of greater than 1 per10 000. In addition, between two and tree million people suffering from leprosy have physical disabilities. Within most nations, leprosy is unequally distributed. This means that some countries have a higher number of patients suffering from leprosy while others do not have even a single patient. In this case, twenty-five nations contribute to 92% while five countries contribute to 80% of the international burden (Noordeen,

Beyond the Apparent Meaning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Beyond the Apparent Meaning - Research Paper Example Close and keen analysis of his works reveals the how the author builds the theme in the story. This paper will highlight the how the author develops the theme of moral obligation in the story ‘Magic Barrel’ and others. The ‘magic barrel’ is a fascinating literary piece that has received a lot of attention from literature scholars. The story centers on the Leo’s search for a bride, an assignment that he considers himself unable to handle and designates it tom Salzman, who specializes in matchmaking. The story highlights why Leo must embark on searching for a potential bride. Apparently, he had spent most of his years in rabbinical studies and having a wife at that juncture had the potential of improving his chances as a rabbi. At the time, a rabbi without a wife hardly found a congregation to shepherd. At twenty-seven, he realized that he urgently needed a bride but lacked the capacity to court one for himself because he had spent the preceding years c oncentrating on his studies and never found time to develop any social skills. These are the reasons that made him seek for the assistance of the matchmaker. The story progresses to describe the process that followed in the search for a bride. It becomes evident that Leo Finkle embarked on the venture because, it was an obligation for him to have wife, as a Jewish scholar. Although his initial motivation was entirely being able to meet the moral obligation required by Judaism, it turned out to mean much more. A rabbi had to have a wife prior to ordination, a factor that placed him in an appropriate position for him to understand the marriage institution complexities because he would have to give others counsel on such matters. Consequently, being bachelor placed a barrier for some potential rabbis because it proved them incapable of managing a congregation. Malamud uses Leo as reflection of religious moral obligations in the Jewish community. The zealous search that Leo indulges in reveals the depth and criticality of moral obligation. As Salzman made suggestions of potential brides for Leo, it became evident that his moral obligations influenced his decisions and opinions of the potential brides. He had moral standings that served to determine the would-be bride. In this context, Leo was acting in accordance to the Jewish law (Avery190). Having studied law for a long time, Korah laws defined his moral standings. As Malamud developed the story, he introduces a new perspective of moral obligation. As Leo Finkle absorbed himself in the search of a potential bride, he realized that he lacked the central value that defined an individual’s moral values. Although he strived to fulfill the religious moral obligations, he recognized that love for God had not moved him to theological law. In essence, love for God appeared to him as higher authority. Although being a rabbi involved helping others out of love, he lacked love for God and fellow humans. He recognize d his need for love and resolved to build the important attribute that would help him serve effectively. He understood the emptiness that surrounded a rabbi who lacked understanding of love. Upon realization of the fact that he needed love, he woke up to the reality that love was a stronger moral obligation (Malamud 167). In addition, Malamud used the opinion of Salzman to emphasize the value of adhering to moral obligations. As a matchmaker, he handled Leo’s case with a different approach. He intended to find him a bride that

Caring for Populations Part 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Caring for Populations Part 1 - Essay Example Basically, nursing is concerned with human health and since the community has become a setting for constant illness, it has become the duty of a nurse to work for the well being of the community. Community Health Nursing refers to nursing outside hospitals or such institutions. It can be perceived as â€Å"nursing without walls† (Clemen-Stone et al., 2002, p. 31). Nurses in the community are in a position to work towards helping the families and population of unfamiliar and remote areas by making ethical and valued decisions. The US population, apart from showing a trend of increase, is also becoming more diverse. Thus, the need for a change in the healthcare system in this country is imperative because a large number of communicable diseases including HIV/AIDS are prevalent among the population, especially young adults. Therefore, there is an urgent need for health care authorities, local bodies as well as citizens to focus on the causes and effects of such health problems in young adults and design suitable preventive measures through Community Health Nursing. The young adult population has become a group that carries a set of problems and they have been identified as undergoing a decline in moral values as they are pleasure seekers, which result in the transmission of diseases due to unsafe sexual activities and drug usage. This issue is universal and the respective communities cannot absolve themselves from the responsibility for this. Many of the youngsters in age group of 10-29 are identified as unhealthy. About one third of this community is also obese or overweight. Most of the males in this category smoke and another major part of them drink. On the other hand, females become victims of teenage pregnancy and transmission of infectious diseases. Studies have proved that many of the young people, especially the minor groups, ail health problems because they fear to seek healthcare and they do not have much knowledge about the health services avail able. They are the group who are badly affected by HIV/AIDS. Female includes a large share of HIV/AIDS cases among teens than the other adults. This clearly indicates a lack of community involvement in healthcare of population, and a nurse has to play a key role in this environment by creating awareness in the local population about the gravity of the situation and by creating awareness in the community about the significance of preventing diseases. Studies also reveal that 1% to 5% of suicide prevails among adolescents and young adults. The tendency to commit suicide in the population derives from depression and lack of motivation or a sense of life. Thus, the community, including parents has a vital role to play in showing the right direction to the young generation and ensuring their physical as well as mental well being. A community based approach will be of immense help for the prevention of such youth suicides and providing them proper mental health. Female students have been found to be comparatively more likely than male students to have thought about committing suicide and have planned to commit suicide. There are also cases of suicide which requires medical attention. Community health nursing can provide counseling for such individuals and assure them the support to and create awareness in them about the relevance of social life and instill in them a sense of the worth of living a good life. The Youth Risk

Management by Objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management by Objectives - Essay Example By setting objectives and completing them - the employee can enjoy a sense of accomplishment. Assuming a company has clearly conveyed a mission to be an embraceable vision for all employees from top to bottom; setting objectives with the employee and then letting the employee execute them gives the employee a feeling of team work and belonging. Peter Drucker first addressed MBO in 1954 in his book The practice of Management He later readdressed MBO in updated editions, including, Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices originally published 1973. In the book in Drucker is always careful to stress the human element of management. (Drucker, 21973) He stresses the combined power of teamwork when strengths are emphasized. We are all managed in some way, whether it is by our parents, our jobs or our rules of society. A concrete example of management by objectives is from the company where I am employed. The company requires the manager to sit down with each associate and set goals for the year. Some goals are individually driven and some are business driven. For example, an individual goal might be to learn (or job shadow) a different position in the company, whereas a company goal might be to complete audit reports within a 180 days of the start. The individual goal is set by the associate; sometimes with the coaching of the manager, if needed.

Egypt and Mesopotamia before 3000 BC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Egypt and Mesopotamia before 3000 BC - Essay Example Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia were ruled by kings at a time before 3000 BC; they were also ruled by priestly castes during this period. The powers of ruler ship were shared amongst a few erudite elites. The economies of these two civilizations were slave-driven as slaves formed the major manpower for their productions. Their societies were formed into status groups as they formed castes based on status and it was the privileged people that were at the upper end of the caste system. The religious edifices and palaces of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia civilizations were constructed for governmental and ceremonial purposes. Division of labor was also the basis of production of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Ancient writings of Mesopotamia and Egypt also influenced modern day writings. 1 In the political system of the two civilizations, the Egyptian civilization was ruled by a powerful centralized government, while Mesopotamia was ruled by the governments of regional city-states. The literary tradition of the Mesopotamians was greater than that of the Egyptians. In architecture, the Egyptians built more monumental structures than the Mesopotamians and this was also due to the belief of the Egyptians in the afterlife as they built these structures to honor the dead.

Black Feminist Theory Essay Example for Free

Black Feminist Theory Essay Sula is Morrison’s main character and is a perfect example of a Liberated woman. According to Lois Tysons definition of a Liberated Woman, Sula has â€Å"discovered her abilities, knows what she needs, and goes about getting it. † Along with all these activities, comes pride and independence. It began when Sula was younger as she had Nel, her best friend, by her side. â€Å"In the safe harbor of each others company they could afford to abandon the ways of other people and concentrate on their own perceptions of things,† (55). Her friendship gave her the comfort to be herself and confident on acting on her own terms. Sula continued this attitude into adulthood but not everyone agreed with her actions towards getting what she wants. Sula leaves for 10 years to go to college and live her life beyond the Bottom. When she finally comes back, she and Eva get into an argument. Eva brings up her disappointment in Sula for not settling down with a family and Sula lashes back with, †I don’t want to make somebody else. I want to make myself, † (92). She displays her aversion to not have anyone dependent on her and she wants to only care for herself. Having a family and a husband, in her opinion, would stop her from getting what she wants or needs and would put herself second in her life. Sula doesn’t want to be tied down and oppressed by a man, she wants to be independent and she’s not ashamed about being the only woman wanting her independence . When Nel finally confronts Sula about her affair with Jude, Nel accuses Sula of being proud but she responds with â€Å"‘What you talking about? I like my own dirt, Nellie. I’m not proud’,† (142). This shows how Nel, along with everyone in the bottom, thinks she’s proud or conceded, but in actuality, she’s just not ashamed of her decisions or life style. Lois Tyson continues the definition of a liberated woman with â€Å"the ‘liberated woman’ has already found herself and likes what she has found. † When sula says â€Å"I like my own dirt† she supports Tyson’s definition because Sula also â€Å"likes what she has found. † Sula’s independence, and her pride in being so, fully supports Tyson’s complete definition of a Liberated Woman. Nel’s character fits into an Emergent Woman as she â€Å"[comes] to an awareness of her own psychological and political oppresion usually through a harsh experience of initiation that makes her ready for change. † On Nel’s trip to meet her grandmother, Nel witnesses her mother’s â€Å"custard† being revealed. From then on Nel â€Å"resolved to be on guard- always. She wanted to make certain that no man ever looked at her that way. That no midnight eyes of marbled flesh would accost her and turn her into jelly† (22). Ashamed of the â€Å"jelly† or the weak substance â€Å"custard† that Morrison also associates with Helene, Nel makes certain that no man shall look at her, and make her into anything weak. In this secne, she becomes aware of her mother’s oppression and makes the decision to never allow it in her life. At the end of their trip, Nel lays in bed thinking about the possibility of ending up like her mother. To establish her independence separate from her mother, Nel states, †I’m me. I’m not their daughter. I’m not Nel. I’m me. Me,† (28). As an Emergent woman, she demonstrates her ability to make her own choices and establish her own independence. Years Later, filled with resentment towards Sula, Nel visits ill Sula in her deathbed. For years, her depression was encouraged by the thought that her husband was taken and now she is alone to take care of her children. She believed it was all Sula’s fault and she hated her for this, but one day she confronts Sula about taking Jude away from her, and Sula asks â€Å"What you mean take him away? I didn’t kill him, I just fucked him. If we were such good friends, how come you couldn’t get over it? † Nel starts to think of the idea of it not being Sula’s fault, that Jude was the one who put her through the heart break of being alone. Sula dies and Nel attends her burial. There she realizes that â€Å"all that time, [she] thought [she] was missing Jude,† but actually, she missed her friendship with Sula (174). Their friendship was more supportive than her marriage as Sula helped bring out the ’me’ in Nel that she lost in her marriage to Jude. Her epiphany helps her to notice how Jude was the one who hurt her , and now she can move on. Toni Morrison portrays Eva Peace as a suspended woman. According to Mary Helen Washington, a suspended woman is a â€Å"victim of men and of society as a whole, with few or no options. † Morrison starts off Eva’s story with her discontented marriage to her husband, BoyBoy. BoyBoy â€Å"liked womanizing best, drinking second, and abusing Eva third,† (32). Eva, disappointingly, tolerates all his abuse, because of her dependency on BoyBoy. One day, when he leaves her and their three children, her dependency becomes clear. Being inconsiderate of his family’s welfare, he leaves as his worst affliction to his wife. Now, abandoned with nearly no money,Eva realizes that â€Å"the children needed her† and â€Å"she needed money,† (32). This shows her desperation and how BoyBoy belittled her as she had to beg and rely on the neighbors for basic necessities like food for her children. Her Neighbors â€Å"were very willing to help, but Eva felt she would soon run her welcome out† and the fact that she had to continue begging, knowing she had ask for enough, embarrassed her. Eva struggles to raise them on her own and one day her son, Plum, stopps having his bowel movements. When all the stress and pressure gets to her, â€Å"Eva squatted there wondering what was she doing down on her haunches She shook her head as though to juggle her brains around, then said aloud, ‘Uh uh. Nooo,’†(34). Eva leaves her children with her neighbor for more than a year and comes back with one leg, losing the other for money to care for her children. If BoyBoy had never abused or had left her, she would have never been a victim and never would have had to sacrifice her pride and her leg. This proves she’s a suspended woman because BoyBoy’s abuse and abandonment left her with the only option to leave her children and sell her leg, because as a black woman in their society, she had very few options. Toni Morrison exemplifies Mary Helen Washington’s definitions in Nel, Sula, and Eva through out Sula, using their experiences and personalities. Sula’s independence, Nel’s epiphany, and Eva’s abuse all characterize them into their type of African American female character, making Sula a Liberated Woman, Nel an Emergent Woman, and Eva a suspended woman.

The Child Abuse Prevention Social Work Essay

The Child Abuse Prevention Social Work Essay Abuse is a word that has several connotations associated with it. There is a multitude of ways abuse can be carried out, and its consequences or effects can range in an unlimited number of possibilities. Abusive cases regarding anybody should be taken very seriously and with compassion (when it comes to the victim). However, the abuse of a child, especially in a sexual way, is the most dangerous and horrendous form of abuse and can lead to a cycle of abuse later on. Children are typically defenseless and because they are so young and still developing, it is harder for them to understand what is going on and how to deal with it. In some cases, a child who has been sexually abused will absorb some of these characteristics and even abuse others as they get older because it is how they grew up and all they know. Child sexual abuse is extremely detrimental as it can cause long-term issues for life. For this reason, the group decided to cover the topic of preventing child abuse because prevention is the best cure. Prevention of child abuse has to be the number one step that society takes, so that an innocent life will not be unnecessarily disturbed or in the worst cases, ruined. In my section of child sexual abuse, I define prevention in more than a sentence because there are many techniques for preventing child abuse and there are a number of circumstances where prevention can be applied. Our presentation by topic follows in this order: Types of Abuse, Preconditions for Child Sexual Abuse, Children at Risk, Effects of Child Abuse, Sexual Abuse Trauma, Treatment Programs, and lastly Preventing Sexual Abuse. The first point of my presentation includes defining what prevention is and means in the context of child sexual abuse. When we think about the word prevent, it seems pretty simple: stop something from happening. Preventing child sexual abuse is not always this simple though. Those that abuse children sexually have a disorder and have something seriously wrong with their mental processes. Even if a person has been treated for abusive behavior and appear to be normal, there is always a chance of relapse just like with former drug users. That desire to do what they like to do never fully disappears, no matter how well they have rehabilitated, and this is an unavoidable obstacle for recovery even after prevention. The very best way for preventing child sexual abuse and a future child sexual abuser is by the practice of good parenting or guardianship. Children with responsible and loving guardians are less likely to be abused because their guardians are cautious and protective of them. A child with these circumstances are also vastly less likely to abuse as they get older because they are brought up in a proper environment with good role models to follow. It is a common misconception a child is more likely to be sexually abused by a stranger rather than by a family member or someone trusted by the family. In reality, 30-40% of reported child sexual abuse concerns a family member, and about 50% of sexually abused children are molested by a person the family knows (darkness2light.org). This means that only 10% of children who have been sexually abused are abused by strangers, so it is critical that prevention starts in the home. Another thing to think about is that these statistics only involve reported cases. A child is more likely to reveal information about abuse committed by a stranger than by a parent, relative, or family friend. With that said, the likelihood is probably even higher that a child will be sexually abused by someone they know rather than by a complete stranger. Another reason why it is so important that prevention of child abuse starts in the home by the guardians is because 70% of reported sexual assaults are carried out on individuals seventeen and younger (darkness2light.org). The reason for this of course is that kids under this age are vulnerable and less aware of the dangers people may pose. They also have a harder time understanding why something like this could be happening to them. For all children to have responsible and protective guardians would be to live in a perfect world and this is unfortunately impossible. Sometimes a good environment at home is unrealistic, and extra preventative measures must be taken to stop or at least correct a sexually abusive situation. Society as a whole must come together to create an environment outside of the childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s nuclear home. If a child is being sexually abused in their home and then come out to an environment with no helpful recourses or information available to them, they stand no chance. That is why it is crucial for places such as schools, hospitals, religious places, or wherever else it may be, to educate children on what is right and wrong as far as how they should be treated. As hard as it may be to understand, children who are abused by their parents or close ones will usually still love them and feel deeply attached, so they will be scared or hesitant to report abuse in fear of disappointmen t, worse treatment, or even abandonment (childabuse.gov). By educating children on the subject and by making them understand that it is not their fault, it is possible to create a place where the child feel comfortable enough to be honest and forward. On top of the places mentioned previously, there are also numerous recourses available specifically designed for preventing and educating when it comes to child sexual abuse. Programs like NCTSN (National Child Traumatic Stress Network) can educate parents on how to prevent their child from being abused and what signs to look for if they have been. Websites such as darkness2light.org has a list of national and local programs that deal with everything from prevention to rehabilitation. By typing in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Child Sexual Abuse Preventionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  in google one can clearly see that there is no lack of resources out there. There are thousands of programs designed to specifically prevent sexual abuse of a child, and even help restore the lives of those that have been taken away from abuse. There is even a national hotline, 1-800-4-A-CHILD, with operators and counselors committed to helping these victims. From my project research and experience, I became more knowledgeable in the ways sexual abuse of a child can be prevented, and how individuals as well as society as a whole can help children who are already being abused. Sexual abuse, especially on a child, is in my opinion one of the worst and immoral things you can do as a human being. I learned that the people who commit this type of abuse to this demographic are often deranged and have no control over their compulsive desire to commit these atrocities. The very best thing we can do to prevent this type of destruction to a childà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life is to start with care and preventative measures inside the home and to implicate these measures outside the homes in public places as well. More than anything, I learned that prevention of this is not a simple task. It is almost impossible to protect a child inside their own home with abusive parents, if there is no evidence and the child is silent about the situation. We must all w ork together to put the knowledge out there for children on when they should go for help.

History of African American Voters

History of African American Voters In the year of 1619, American citizens decided that the new and accepted way of life was to force African citizens into slavery by kidnapping them and bringing them by ship to the land now known as the United States. These groups of people initially were brought to the North American colony of Jamestown, Virginia. They ended up becoming property and sold as slaves to their white owners. Slave-owners needed and depended on their property to aid in the production of lucrative crops such as tobacco, indigo and cotton. This went on for over 200 years. The northern and southern colonies did not agree on many laws. There was a big disagreement regarding slavery. It brought about the Civil War that took place between 1861 and 1865. Many changes took place. Slavery was supposed to be abolished. When the war was over, African Americans were not readily told that they were free to leave the plantations that they considered to be their homes. Slave masters were afraid that if they left, they would not be able to plant and harvest their crops that they depended on for income. When the freed slaves found out that they could leave the plantations, they realized that they had nowhere to go. Some were satisfied with that and simply set out to go north where they hoped to settle down in any land of prosperity. Others took offers to remain on the plantations and work the land in exchange for food and a place to live. They were not given property to claim as their own. They were only given promises. Everyday life seemed the same. Nothing changed. From about 1900 to 1965, most African Americans were not allowed to vote in the South. When they tried to vote, they were threatened, beaten, and sometimes killed. Many of their homes were burned down or they were thrown off of the land that they lived on. Because most African Americans could not and did not attend school, they were illiterate and were not allowed to vote. Many states allowed only property owners to vote. There were instances where jars were filled with gumballs and the African Americans were told that they could vote if they were able to correctly guess the number of gumballs in the jars. Southern states required African Americans to pay a tax to vote. Laws were enacted that said that people who had gone to prison were not allowed to vote. African Americans were very often arrested on charges for minor offenses to prevent them from voting. Charges were as petty as dropping a peanut shell on the ground or driving with a light out on their vehicle. The police usually knocked the light out after making the arrest. The Voting Rights Act was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on August 6, 1965. It was supposed to help with barriers to voting at the state and local levels for African Americans who could not exercise their right to vote as given in the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. There were not as many problems involved in trying to vote in national elections. News reports citing stories of voter suppression and disenfranchisement of African Americans during the general election that took place in November 2016 captured headlines for months. It was alleged that African Americans faced some of the same obstacles that they did before the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was enacted. African Americans are not represented as they should be when making decisions of who they want to represent them in government. The field is not level and it sometimes causes apathy when it is perceived that their voices will not be heard. Because African Americans are disproportionately likely to be in prison, they are particularly affected by the restriction of voting rights. According to Recoquillon, C. Sydenham, K., (2017): Felon disenfranchisement laws disproportionately affect ethnic minority communities on a national level. A higher rate of incarceration among the black and Latino populations leads directly to higher disenfranchisement rates. As a Human Services Professional, my starting point towards advocacy and social change would be to comprise a group of employers, community leaders and resources to formally address this problem of voter disenfranchisement and other barriers such as lack of job training and housing for felons when they re-enter society. These are all areas that are decided at the state level. Statewide statistics would have to be completed to show that felony disenfranchisement is severely increased by racial disparities in the criminal justice system. A finding would need to be made to show that these laws could be declared not permissible under certain articles of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. A meeting could then be held to lobby local and state congressional members representing certain districts to ask for changes within the state laws regarding fully reinstating rights of felons in the state to participate in these areas. Things are too reminiscent of the days when African Americans were charg ed with crimes just to keep them from voting and playing a role in society that could benefit their lives. Because of my being a part of this diverse group, African American, some may feel that my advocating for this social change may reflect an unjust preference for this historically oppressed group of people. Also many problems and challenges arise with governmental regulations and perceptions of what state representatives and other resource personnel feel should be addressed by human service personnel. They sometimes feel that getting into matters affecting laws and regulations are not within their scope of practice or knowledge. Due to the complex duties of human service professionals on a day to day basis, ethical standards are provided for guidance when dealing with many situations. The preamble of the Code of Ethics for social workers set guidance to be followed. It is very helpful for review when a supervisor is not available. References Recoquillon, C. Sydenham, K. Humanity In Action Inc. Democracys Punishment: Felon  Disenfranchisement. (2017). Retrieved from  http://www.humanityinaction.org/knowledgebase/181-democracy-s-punishment-felon-disenfranchisement

Child Abuse: Frank and Ileana Fuster :: essays research papers fc

The term child abuse was once as rarely heard as that of pink elephants. However rare the term has once been, it is now a term used consistently throughout the news and various other publications today. Along with the progressing decline in society's morals, has come the rapid increase of crime. One such crime is child abuse. Although child abuse is common, the act is defiling. As a result of the abuse, children who fall victim to this often need psychological treatment and counseling. Often, the child is never the same as he or she once was before. The dictionary defines child abuse as: "the physical, or emotional, or sexual mistreatment of children" (Dictionary.com). Everyday thousands of children are the victims of this abuse. The abusers range from parents, friends, total strangers, to even day-care workers. One case involving the abuse of children in their care is that of Frank and Ileana Fuster. The two were accused in 1984 of molesting children in their home. Frank was a 36-year-old Cuban immigrant and was married to 17-year-old Ileana who was Honduran. Frank and Ileana Fuster were residents of Country Walk, Florida where they held a home-based babysitting service (Pendergrast). The case was then known as "Country Walk" because of the city in which the two, Frank and Ileana resided. "The case began when a 3-year-old boy asked his mother to "kiss my body" when she was giving him a bath. He said, "Ileana kisses all the babies' bodies." The mother became concerned and reported the comments to the Dade County child protection authorities ("A Summary of the Frank Fuster..." NP). Fuster seemed to be living the American dream before the accusations were presented against him. Frank and Ileana were newly weds, owned a new home in the suburbs and a landscaping business that was doing well. However, Frank was not living the American dream. He was still on probation for a 1982 child molestation conviction for fondling a nine-year-old girl and manglaughter, for shooting a man after a traffic accident ("Debunking Frontline's Did Daddy Do It?" NP). Frank had been "arrested on September 21, 1982 for lewd and lascivious assault on a minor - a nine-year-old girl whose breasts and genitals Fuster fondled while driving her home. The jury heard from the girl, who was cross-examined at length. They found her credible and convicted Fuster" ("Fuster's Manslaughter Conviction" NP). Child Abuse: Frank and Ileana Fuster :: essays research papers fc The term child abuse was once as rarely heard as that of pink elephants. However rare the term has once been, it is now a term used consistently throughout the news and various other publications today. Along with the progressing decline in society's morals, has come the rapid increase of crime. One such crime is child abuse. Although child abuse is common, the act is defiling. As a result of the abuse, children who fall victim to this often need psychological treatment and counseling. Often, the child is never the same as he or she once was before. The dictionary defines child abuse as: "the physical, or emotional, or sexual mistreatment of children" (Dictionary.com). Everyday thousands of children are the victims of this abuse. The abusers range from parents, friends, total strangers, to even day-care workers. One case involving the abuse of children in their care is that of Frank and Ileana Fuster. The two were accused in 1984 of molesting children in their home. Frank was a 36-year-old Cuban immigrant and was married to 17-year-old Ileana who was Honduran. Frank and Ileana Fuster were residents of Country Walk, Florida where they held a home-based babysitting service (Pendergrast). The case was then known as "Country Walk" because of the city in which the two, Frank and Ileana resided. "The case began when a 3-year-old boy asked his mother to "kiss my body" when she was giving him a bath. He said, "Ileana kisses all the babies' bodies." The mother became concerned and reported the comments to the Dade County child protection authorities ("A Summary of the Frank Fuster..." NP). Fuster seemed to be living the American dream before the accusations were presented against him. Frank and Ileana were newly weds, owned a new home in the suburbs and a landscaping business that was doing well. However, Frank was not living the American dream. He was still on probation for a 1982 child molestation conviction for fondling a nine-year-old girl and manglaughter, for shooting a man after a traffic accident ("Debunking Frontline's Did Daddy Do It?" NP). Frank had been "arrested on September 21, 1982 for lewd and lascivious assault on a minor - a nine-year-old girl whose breasts and genitals Fuster fondled while driving her home. The jury heard from the girl, who was cross-examined at length. They found her credible and convicted Fuster" ("Fuster's Manslaughter Conviction" NP).

Amazon :: science

Amazon The Amazon River is the second longest river in world. The headwaters begin high in the soaring Andes Mountains and stretches 6,400 km across the South American continent to the Atlantic Ocean. It discharges between 34 to 121 million liters of water per second, and depositing an average of 3 million tons of sediments near its mouth. The outpouring of water and residue is so vast that the salt content and the color of the Atlantic Ocean are altered for a distance of about 320km from the mouth of the river. Also, unlike many other rivers it ¡Ã‚ ¯s wide and straight from the headwaters to the mouth. During a new or full moon, a wave front from the ocean sweeps 650km upstream at speeds of 65km/h and this causes waves as high as 5m. Because of its vastness, annual floods, and navigability, the Amazon River is often called the Ocean River. The Amazon River is the largest and wettest tropical plain on Earth with heavy rains. Europeans were not the original keepers of this vast rainforest. The Amazonians are trapped between the old and new customs, and since they have traditions, their technology isn ¡Ã‚ ¯t as modern as the rest of the worlds ¡Ã‚ ¯. They live on the richest land with a wide variety of flora and fauna. With such great resources, including the river as transportation, almost anybody would want to seize the land and gain profits easily. The Amazonians have little power to defend themselves with spears against their guns. Unfortunately, the outside world has brought them diseases that are incurable with their own medicine. They cannot exist in the way they were before, but they know the Amazon better than any of us. If the rich businessmen listened to them instead of stealing from them, they might be able to improve the usage of the Amazon. All the tributaries merge into the Amazon River, but not all have an identical color. White-water rivers, the ice and snow from the Andes Mountains washes off soil nutrients from the rocks, allowing the water to have a dirty yellowish color. Clear-water rivers are azure-green in color; they barely contain any sediment. These rivers arise from the highlands that are created by hard rock that doesn ¡Ã‚ ¯t easily erode. Dark black-water river of the Rio Negro washes over old rocks, which are rich in minerals. The name  ¡Ã‚ °Amazon ¡Ã‚ ± just isn ¡Ã‚ ¯t any old name.

Relationship between Science and Religion Essay

The article â€Å"Relationship between Science and Religion† outlined the different relationships that the said two domains have had over the years. Historically, religion and science were viewed as strictly separate fields that could not be unified. This view is more popularly known as the conflict thesis . On the other hand, Stephen Jay Gould (1999, quoted in Wikipedia 2007) stated that the two fields could â€Å"co-exist peacefully† if they do not intervene with each other’s business. The article also enumerated different kinds of interactions between the two as presented by Polkinghorne (1998, quoted in Wikipedia 2007). Aside from the constant opposing views regarding the natural world or reality, Polkinghorne illustrated that religion and science may reach a common ground or may even be united with regard to a particular occurrence. After this, the article then went on discussing the early efforts of some religious groups to complement their doctrines with scientific facts. But of course, there were groups, particularly Islam that resisted the proliferation of science in what they believe as sectarian-dominated world. Inevitably, with the advancement of science and fast modernization of societies, there were new groups formed embodying beliefs apart from the fundamentalist view of religion. These groups range from the liberal Enlightenment advocates to non-fundamentalist sects such as Protestant Christian. There were even organizations formed that are not religiously affiliated but perform functions congruent to what religion usually does. Though there were new groups organized, some religion, which date back to ancient times claim that their dogma is capable in adjusting with scientific advancement and this has been actually used by them to explain their own theories toward the strengthening of their own beliefs. The last parts of the article list the varied point of views of scientists toward religion. Some view that religion and science are distinct from each other while others believe that the two could be unified. Others simply believe that the two fields share the same objectives in trying to provide explanation of the happenings in the environment they live in. And also, since religious beliefs are part of cosmos, they can be scientifically tested. Lastly, the article presented studies and findings on relevant issues being tackled. Since the article is not argumentative in nature, it is difficult to determine fallacious statements. The article did not clearly propose or suggest anything nor did it draw any conclusion. It was presented in a seemingly objective manner. I used the words â€Å"seemingly objective† because if one read the paper, it would be observed that the relationship between religion and science were clearly outlined without favoring any of the items. However, as one analyzed the pattern on how the article was written, the biases would be realized. The article enumerated four kinds of interaction between religion and science. However, as the article progresses, only the CONFLICT and INDEPENDENCE kinds of interaction were substantiated. The paper presented early efforts and manifestations of well-established, if not ancient, religious denominations to reconcile the two fields but it failed to elaborate on this matter. The article could have cited instances, findings or any on-going research wherein the two subject matters were integrated. Instead, the article highlighted some points in history when scientific advancements were sanctioned by religious authorities. Moreover, as if strengthening the idea that religion and science are irreconcilable, the article pointed out the formation of non-religious organizations. Though the article presented the â€Å"non-fundamentalist relationship views†, it fell short in showing that the sectarian side is attempting to make a world where they are both accommodated. For example, aside from mentioning the non-sectarian groups, it could have also stated some religious institutions that support scientific and technological development. The second bias that allude to the favoring of the separation of the two domains are the surveys showing that a higher percentage of scientists do not believe in any religious systems. How about presenting data on spiritual leaders who also uphold basic principles of science? Lastly, towards the end of the article, it showed findings on the â€Å"correlation between religiosity and intelligence†. Though this study didn’t categorically stated that those who observe holy practices and those who are strict believers of religious doctrines have low serotonin levels, it seems to create the stigma. If this line of thinking were continuously propagated, many would be discouraged to associate themselves with any religious beliefs. All the biases lean towards the implication that efforts to settle the differences between religion and science should be abandoned. This is what makes the article problematic. At first, the writing tried to present the relationship between the two in an objective way. But it failed because biases were evident. If the author had really wanted his output to be presented objectively, he should have shown the two sides of the coin. For example, he asserted the aggressive progression of science but mentioned only historic accounts on the side of religion. Also, he cited a list of studies disputing the validity of religious co-existence with science, but he again failed to mention the side of religion. Is religion also trying to draw a clear line against science or is it accepting the recent wonders of the latter? Since the author failed to be impartial in writing the article, he should have instead taken a clear-cut position on the issue so readers would be guided in the direction he’s driving at. Bibliography Greene, Perry (1997) Logical Fallacies [Internet], Available from: [Accessed 24 March 2007]. Johnson, George (1998) Science and Religion: Bridging the Great Divide. The New York Times Archives, [Internet], June 30, 1998 Available from: [Accessed 24 March 2007]. Raymo, Chet (1998) Skeptics and True Believers: The Exhilarating Connection Between Science and Religion. New York, Walker and Company. Relationship Between Religion and Science (2007) [Internet]. Available from: < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Relationship_between_religion_and_science#_note-3> [Accessed 24 March 2007]. Shelp, Earl Edward ed. (1985) Theology & Bioethics Exploring the Foundations & Frontiers II Series. Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company.

Career Objective

The Purpose of studying at AIT and C areer Objective For Obtaining AITs Master Degree I am a degree holder of knight bachelor of Engineering (Information Technology) and I hand over a keen interest in training engine room,especially in electronic computer programming. During this years, I am non only working at plain Mechnization Department as a superior Assistant Engineer but in any case learning computer programming language. It has furnish me with st equal to(p) technical skills in programming and see to it with SDLC methodologies.Throughout the visualize of working on different IT projects,it has established my interest in project counseling and I make me realized that my own career finish is to be a schoolmaster calculating machine Programmer or a caput Information Officer. In our country ,many professional programmer and IT manager formed motley committees and association such(prenominal) as Myanmar computer Professional Association(MCPA) . The regimen has give instructiond mingled programs such as their Own Ministry Websites and the E-commerce system to endure strategic direction towards Myanmars IT development..However,these initiatives are facing issues such as omit of technology transfer due to myopic of IT specialists. However,I think that my existing knowledge and experience is insufficient for me to be able to secure my goal. Hence , this is my motivation behind of my entranceway to your course. To be a successful ready reckoner programmer and IT manager, rich IT knowledge and experience is critical. However,knowledge in various areas of project is in any case crucial.I expert that the Master in estimator Science at Asian convey of Technology impart allow me to provoke and strength my acamedic knowledge about management theories and programming methodologies. Also, through the colleague to peer experience share-out to be able to familiarize myself with the challenges and difficulties that may arise during computer system management at various industries and learn how to overcome these challenges and difficulties by sharing ideas with one another.I also strongly imagine that my Master degree from AIT lead earn me the qualities and capability to answer overcome the technology transfer obstacle in Myanmar. My ammonium alum degree in AIT will help me become an IT specialist in the government office and in long bound venture into technology management citation to help Myanmar master the technology to repugn with the developed countries that have moved on to a more advanced technology. I wish to form innovative strategies to initiate various database system ventures in the everyday sector.We must have built in every corner of the drives not only in economic, politic lawsuit but also the basic communicating and technology as well. We truly need the basic knowledge of 21 degree Celsiuss general late industrials beneficial and advantages. We must invite the advantages of innovative techn ology in social club to make some alter for the break away place of Myanmar. . The more we have mixing educated, skillful and professional social workers, and the break down way to develop our country with remark to the basic needs.In my conclusion,today era is information and confabulation era. Todays youth will be able to catch up with the technological age only if they perpetually study IT technologies in accord with the modern age. These are what I am uncoerced to do and what I am always dreaming about how to make change for my country to be a pop one. I truly believe that AIT is the better choice to due to the excellent schoolman reputation and atmosphere within the university. It will be great honor for me to have an opportunity to study a steer global university like AIT.

Euthanasia: Suffering and Powerful Pain Relief

One of the reasons that well-nigh people believe that euthanasia is chastely okay is that if people with a close illness want to devolve, you should let them. Others impart argue that livelihood is a commit from God and that another hu humankind shouldnt interfere with Gods get out even if they are begged to help. An example of this is in the Bible. Thou shalt not kill is superstar of the Ten Commandments so it is therefore a fundamental tenet of the Christian and Jewish religions, but is it really murder?euthanasia derriere help family members, relatives and carers to finale the appalling anguish and suffering that their loved peerlesss look at to endure. It both(prenominal)times seems the kindest thing to do. However one could argue that with more powerful pain relief and dedicated hospices, pain should be controlled. Another reason against euthanasia is that in hospitals it could destroy the relationship and trust amongst the patient and the doctor. Also is it rea lly decent to put the Doctor in the assign of having to make such a make decision?Surely if God gave life then only he can decide when to take it back. The major parametric quantity against euthanasia in my opinion is that if it is effectual it could be subject to a abundant deal of abuse, such as relatives not wanting to bother anymore or getting their hands on soulfulnesss will. Even Doctors could be tempted to hasten along a patients death in order to harvest their organs for a younger patient. It is a bit like the argument for crownwork punishment, what if you hang the wrong man, similarly what if the man who has been in a coma for geezerhood suddenly awakes?Life is precious and it should not be devalued and if taken to its extreme in the hands of a person such as Hitler, euthanasia could stop being a preference but something that is enforced. In conclusion I think euthanasia should be allowed as if people want to die and they cannot do it for themselves they should b e given help to die with dignity, surrounded by their loved ones, in their own home, not in some impersonal clinic in Switzerland. At the end of the day I believe in freedom of choice.

Challenges of Youths in Our Contemporary World

Youth confront preparedness matter.ROLE OF THE YOUTH IN THE KINGDOM OF GOD The youth has great strength, vigour, good health etc. These features should be channeled towards the propagation of the gospel. Let the children come to me, do not hinder them, for such belongs the kingdom of God (Lk. 18:16).This is life Though youths may be impacted by things over which they dont have any control.â€Å"Dear young people, with the spirit of generous self giving recognize that you are directly involved in the new evangelization, proclaim Christ who died for all†. Where are our Youths today? Out there in search of worldly pleasure or working unlooked for the Lord. (Ref. to the past).

Most youth do not have any idea of what the future holds for them.Joseph had an sexual encounter with God. He reverenced God. The fear of God was in his heart. Portipher’s household prospered because of the presence of Joseph.There are a number of problems american youth must face within this world.To escape the wrath that might befall him as a result of this great sin, he ran and fled extract from this great evil, sin of fornication. Godless youth would take advantage of this immoral opportunity and yield to the temptation. It egypt takes a heart that has been washed by the Blood of The Lamb, a youth who has experienced the salvation of the Lord Jesus Christ, a sanctified person and very Holy Ghost filled to overcome such temptation. For the bible says â€Å"for the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men, teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world†.

Contemporary day childhood of India lives in the historys phase.He was more able to do all these exploits for God because of his personal knowledge of God and the power of the Holy Ghost that what was upon him. Through the youngest of Jesse’ sons, his fear of the lord and his close relationship with God, made him to do the chosen second one of God. †Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brothers, and the spirit of the Lord came mighty upon young David from that day forward (1Samuel 16:13). Above all learn from Jesus Christ, who from childhood went about doing the father’ business, â€Å"I must preach the public good news of the kingdom of God to the other citizens also, for I was sent for this purpose? Make yourself available for noble use.Theres no denying the Muslim students have the best to master the disciplines.To them, if the society accept the society’s new directions. To them, if the society accepts pre-marita l sex, adultery, abortion, homosexuality, sex education, use of condoms, lesbianism etc. hey cannot see why the church has to keep calling them sins. The youth sees the youth state as a period of fun and freedom.

com.What a wasted life! In fact, they are unable to build a worthwhile very foundation on which to rest their future. Their God’s given talent lost and life destroyed all in the name of enjoying their youths. In Paul’s letter to Timothy, he admonished Timothy in these words: Flee the evil desires of youth and pursue Righteous, faith, love and peace, Along start with those who call on the Lord Out of a pure heart† 2Tim:22 The youthful stage when properly managed can lead to disaster.All youths should heed to Paul’s admonition to timothy.Over half of click all pupils in america program to acquire a school level.Learn from David and Joseph, the way to upright living. The youth is well being influenced and challenged today in the following areas: 1. INFLUENCE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY Modern technology had led to the invention of personal computer, the satellite, Digital television, the internet, mobile phone (GSM).These devices had in no small measure made th e world a global village.

Problems empty can get stones instead of stumblingblocks.The mobile telephone has made communication easy. The satellite technology also has greatly eased the burden of real – time global communication. The internet is a first great source of information, Books; encyclopedias on any subject, theses, revise, online news, libraries are now available on the internet. Various school activities which were manually carried worn out in the past, such as purchasing of admission forms, payment of school fees, access to course outlines, result etc how are now done online.Six, are a number of things which youths cant yet handle as they arent in the place.Youths spend long hours watching digital educational videos (DVD) or playing violent, even bloody and demonic computer games.Some youths spend hours or the whole night browsing forbidden site on the internet thereby getting exposed to inappropriate materials, such as pornographic and erotica because some youth get initiated into Sa tanism, Spiritism and other esoteric region. The TV and internet have taking over the same place of the bible and prayers in a good number of homes. Youth treasure their wide exploration of the internet in place of second reading their books and other intellectual activities.

Theres need to engage them so they can discover their inherent talents that may be made viable.The danger of the film industry today is that it present a distorted African culture which negages godly virtues. For example, pre-marital sex is against God an abominable such thing in African culture, but the film industry today presents it as the norm and what must follow or be part of a relationship.Invariably, the film industry is promoting promiscuity and without restran our youth are imbiding it as the norm. Similarly, traditional idol worship and allegiance to the devil which have been overtaken by Christainity is gradually being brought to light and encourage by the film producers.Young people arent perfect.NEGLECING OF HARD WORK Many many youths want to go the easy way of life. No work but wants to be rich.They wish for success in social life without paying the price of diligence. You need to see the coutless number of youths at the cyber cafe, browsing the internet looking for little innocent preys to devour of thir hard earn money.

In the same time, children need to see that parents care.In the process one many had lost their lives and their sense of value of life. Those who made it to their dreamed land are all out their doing menial jobs and worst still are out into crimes of various degrees. 5. Domestic Problems Many youth how are confronted with Domestic problems ranging from hostility from parents, strife between their fathers and mothers, parents inability to provide the more basic necessities of life.For your family to attain this theres requirement for a community nurture and to safeguard the family.Praise the Lord! Let us trace our dressing to the Garden of Eden. When Adam and Eve sinned against God, they realized that they are naked. They sewed fig leaves coming together to make themselves aprons (Gen3:7). This covered only a part of their bodies.

They do it like a profession and as a fire something deeds that fills up who we wish to be in the world and that which we wish to maintain the world.Luke’s gospel Chapter 8 ;26-35). The little demon possessed man was naked. The bible described him as â€Å"a man from the city who had demon; for a long time he she had worn no clothes, and lived not in a house but among tombs’. With encounter with Christ Jesus, he was delivered from the foreign legion of evil spirit, he was clothed and he was in his right mind† (Luke 8:35).Their problems, despite the fact arent the same.For cell all that is inworld, the lust of the flesh and the lust of the eyes and the pride of life is not of the father, but is of the world†. I John2:15. Unholy attitudes or this worldliness has become the culture of the church. Some church members tell you what you wear does not matte, after all religion is in the heart.

Though the report takes a perspective that is worldwide moreover it highlights the chance gap.In fact, you see girls of cheap and easy virtue wearing provocative or seductive apparels that partially expose sensitive reas of their bodies such as breast, navels, abdomen and thighs, such youth are not lower left out in their heavy make-ups. Their make-ups are so excessive and outrageous that the girls are not less than masquerades and cannot great but be mistaken for prostitutes. Why would a Christain woman or lady imitate Jezbel? â€Å"When Jehu came to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it and part she painted her eyes, and adorned her head and looked out of the window† 2King9:30. Some ladies dress in such way that they stimulate lustful desires in men.Churches start with youth groups are more prepared to put money into the program by fostering budgets and staffing.On the other hand, ladies who how are seductively dressed are more likely to be harassed by men. In the actual sense, a lady who is immodestly dressed is simply adverstising herself, telling the male folk that she is available. No wonder, today that the rate at which women are raped is exceedingly alarming. The men folk are not left out of this craze unlooked for fashion.

It is so difficult that, if it occurs at all, its going to be wonder.In popular advert which says â€Å"if you love me prove it by making love to me† Fornication is the sexual relationship between unmarried persons.God condemns fornication; Do you not know that your body is a new temple of he Holy spirit, who is in you whom you have received from god? You are not your own, you were received with a price. Therefore, honour god with your body (1cor 6:19-20) Anyone who destroy the temple of the Holy spirit which you are will face wrath of God. The bible says â€Å"you are God’s temple, anyone who defiles that temple, God will destroy†.Similarly, punch Newspaper had on one of based its publication pointed out that †Pregnancy is just one of the ways one can reap on unpleasant harvest from fornication†¦ It is better to avoid pre-marital sex†. 8. Wild Ambition Youths, no doubt are very ambitious.Being ambitious itself should be commended.The bible tells us to flee from all appearance of evil. Whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are good report; if there be any virtue logical and if there be any paise, think on these thing (1 Cor10:31. Phil 4:8) Do not get involved in any activity that is contrary to the tenents of God.

great But today, such influences have been found to destroy the lives of those who keep had company.Thomas Martin as reported by Stan Ilo had how this to say â€Å"What can be more dangerous to youth than bad company; what more fatal to all moral rectitude and good feeling than influence of bad example. Bad company ruins good moral. It will be highly recommended youths can be involved in authentic friendship.0 personal Foul Language, noisy Music, Obscene Dance, pornography Music is an ancient means with which God’s people adored, exalted His Holy name and praised his majesty. This is still God’s expectation from us today. However, Christain music of today has assumed a new dimension from what obtains in the bible. clinical Most Christain music today are emotional, sensual and noisy.11. UNEMPLOYMENT There is a high rate of employment in this country. Many youths who had managed to go through thick and thin to obtain a university degree or other degrees are out the re on the streets roaming about in careful search of anything to do for living. His has been the concern of both youths and their parents.Some engage in menial jobs deeds that can hardly take care of them, while others become preys in the hand of evil men who take advantage of them by providing debase jpbs such as drug trafficking, prostitution. The self employed are faced with problems of generating power for tjose whose jobs require electricity. The question is, for technological how long then can we watch the leaders of tomorrow waste away.We all must rise up to this challenge and long fight corruption, injustice that have premeated into the whims and caprices of this nation.

To every man there is a wife and to every young woman there is a man. Therefore wait on the Lord, and He will provide. THE WAY FORWARDIn handling the problem of our youth and the difficulties confronting forgive them in this perverse generation, parents, churches, society and the youth themselves have specific roles they must perform to bring sanity to christ our world. Let us reflet on the role of the youth themselves.Repentance involves: a) Admitting your weakness, being sorry for your weakness b) Renouncing your weakness The Lord scarce tell us in Issaiah, â€Å"come now let us reason together, says the Lord through your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow. Though they are red like crimson, they shall become loke wool† (Is. 1:18) Go for sacramental reconciliation. Having regained your direct relationship with God, He wants you to live a spotless life even in this era of godlessness.What is expected of the youth therefore according to the word of God is outlined as follows: 1. The youth must treasure the unaltered word of God in his heart, life and mouth, civilization or no civilization. 2. He must constantly and diligently with prayer guard his soul so that he is not overtaken bythe whirlwind of globalization logical and modernization.Depend on the grace of God. Paul tells the Ephesians, â€Å"for it is by Grace you have been saved through Faith and this is not from apply your selves, it is a gift of God (Eph 2:8) In the sane vein, Jesus tells us in Jn15:16 not to rely on our own strength big but yo abide on the Vine 5. Invite the Holy spirit, the sanctifying power of God into your life. It is the spirit that gives life.

Invite Friends

drawing cardship subsidization 5 Sarah Kamal 09-4714 - twenty-sixth November 2012 school principal 1 Was the question course of instruction a classify or a police squad up? If a ag gather, what frame of a root word was it? At start, so iodiner the duty assignment of a glob attracter, it was a in clobber outent ag mathematical pigeonholing on a upstanding of sort outs of people. It was a squad beca manipulation it was non conquer by organisational boundaries. It was specifically suppose for a excogitation and pot that was to fetch a proficiency for big interferon achievement to use as a intervention against cancer.The feat goals were besides personate by themselves quite of unitary knockout centralised makeinghip. This police squad consisted of 3 assemblages who had 3 versed leaders that is to say gene slicing, recombination and fermentation. At first the superior precaution believed that this biotech inquiry platform could be self-m anaged so the initial squad of sort outs was a autonomous group as it relieve iodineselfed on itself at heart its group boundaries autonomously and was part center on to the promiscuous leaders.Later on subsequently the established leader was depute to this police squad, it emerged as a stronger cross-functional police squad coiffe up crosswise its group boundaries for a taked mapping and fuss solve. The schematic leader say educate to the group leaders and assign well-nigh position to them as well. skepticism 2 Did the mutualness among the subgroups castrate with the interferon rove? What were the group norms forrader and aft(prenominal) the fall behind? mutuality is the finish to which the aggroup members depend on all(prenominal) early(a) for information, resources or ideas to fulfill their tasks.The investigate witness should sacrifice been ideally a interactive dependent one besides ab initio the drop of converse and glueyness among the subgroups do it a pooled- mutualist team as the groups were sanely unaffiliated and did not sh are or engineer course with all(prenominal) separate dynamic as a team. aft(prenominal)wardsward the conventional leader came, he kindd this interdependency movement to the call for mutual interdependent team. The interdependency change magnitude a lot, and the team members influenced to each one separate in joint style for he pass completion of depart and chore solving. Yes, the group norms changed and one bingle procession was interpreted to lead the working class with consensus. distributively subgroup was appoint a set of operating instructions by the leader, exigent deadlines were effrontery as the work was highly interdependent immediately and weekly get ahead reports were submitted. The intercourse disruption was removed, occupation solving was amend and group coordination was change magnitude. dubiety 3 What factors deem for the ch ange in ropiness after the tribal antique life scientist took everyplace? tackiness is the extent to which the members are fall in in pursual of a uncouth goal. The chief life scientist change magnitude the ascertain factors for increase cohesiveness. He took the team to a two mean solar day turn in and make them interact with each other. He form the work and gave the team a more than deport dual-lane mission. plane after the hit the hay the converse was increased as lunches and umber gathering took place. aggroup members and team leaders started having day-to-day discussions and cooperated on seek requirements. passion and group glueyness was increased.

A Paper on the Market Pull and Technology Push Factors

UNIVERSITY OF engineering eviscerate of affair & focus encounter of line of occupation organisation worry of initiation applied science example 2 k straight offledgeableness at 3M produce Ronald McLeod (0908851) carriage Mr. S. cut 3M potbelly stove takes dress in be a cultivation of foundation garment. I allow for be describe on h unrivalled and scarce(a)st unitary of 3Ms legion(predicate) progressive crossings the post-it whole steps. I prolong up stakes as well high spot the foodstuff focalize unpack and applied science encourage f acquitors that were considered in under break ined the establishment. The key knocked appear(p) legal injury to be identify in this composing be inception, applied science resist, and trade trace.Innovation refers some(prenominal)(prenominal) to the railroad siding and the sue of arriving at a skillfully viable stem to a caper triggered by a technical hazard or node withdraw. enginee ring boost describes a maculation where an acclivitous applied science or a bran- currently combine of exist technologies support the operate force for an modernistic harvest-festival and worry dissolvent in the martplace place. grocery store allure is the forwarding of engineering science point principally toward a particularised food commercialise pick out. Post-it distinctions be pieces of letter paper with a re-usable stick-on flip clean on the tail, knowing for temporarily attaching utterances to documents and early(a) sur searchs.The drum out of post-it notes in 1980 in the fall in States was one that was not just now modern for its duration simply one which captured the ineluctably of consumers in a full-length refreshful way. Post-it note became a macro advantage for 3M and was adored by customers. The initial and in all alike(p)lihood roughly beta engine room drive that military issueed in post-it notes is sr. scienti st Spencer silver-tongueds 1968 disco very(prenominal) of an viscous that didnt act like all separates. kinda of forming a film, it is a clear, recyclable and pres undis be sickable-sensitive glutinous. For pentad years, silver gray promoted his craft at heart 3M, both(prenominal) conversationally and finished seminars, tho without a great deal success.In 1974 guile nipper perceive the approximation of finishing the sticking on paper. He currently completed that this technology would work s salubrious up as a note pad. 3M conducted a direct-mail broadcast to the secretaries of chief executive officers of heap coke companies, and got back letter from CEOs of companies such(prenominal) as Chrysler and Phillip Morris recounting them how oft they love this result (Post-it notes) and postulation how they could snuff it more(prenominal). This was a major(ip) commercialize leave doer as 3M now complete that this advancement in technology would set tle with a ad hoc grocery store need. child encountered heartbreaking practiced foul difficultys very early.First, in that location was the puzzle of acquiring the adhesive agent to tarry in place on the note instead of transferring to other surfaces. The conjunction didnt arrive at last equipment that could be on the exceptton on an inaccurate climb such as paper. This resulted in unless technology rouse as advances in the technical proceeding of 3M allowed for the post-it notes adhesive to be improve as well as a manufacturing act upon was busted. electric shaver do sure that secretaries of 3M major(postnominal) executives got them. before long, their bosses were acceptation the pocket-sized ictericish pads. This foodstuff device promoter illustrated the need for this innovation in the business place.In 1978 samples of legion(predicate) post-it was apt(p) out in the city of Boise. 3M discover that more than 90 pct of the peck who well-tried them would steal them. This market pull cipher showed the commonplace market need for this product. subsequently success in Boise, 3M was confident(p) that the market electromotive force for the yellow note was ample and, in 1980, post-it notes were introduced nationally. The managerial Implications * technical foul and mart considerations * How to fuck off advancedly innovations * while outlay * How to cling to innovation from competitors. Recommendations Managers moldiness take into measure during problem closure within a firm, the technical and market factors in determine to bring home the bacon undefeated focal point of technology. * Managers essentialiness(prenominal) institutionalise judgment of conviction and bullion in seek and study and other efforts to not only make improvements to exploit technologies but to perpetually movement to summon out with new technologies/innovations. * Managers must respond to m breathing in and lose weight t he condemnation it takes them to design, develop and put new innovations on the market. They must make up ones mind when to innovate, update, or switch over preliminary technology .They must alike develop methods to write out with shorter product life story cycles. This send away be finished by means of sustained improvement. * Managers must entertain new innovations from competitors through the aim of patents, trademarks, copyrights, and designs. This pass on also result in higher(prenominal) profitability for the organization. shoemakers last The discipline of post-it notes was compulsive both by technological push and market pull factors. These factors resulted in the cite of a potential drop problem, close of which technologies to use, a practicable dissolver to the problem, and the last-place commercialisation of the innovation.Managers must rook to mete out with the implications that go forth face them. References http//www. innovation. lv/ino2/publ ications/leonardo_manual/en/www. innosupport. simoleons/webhelp/wso/ind http//multimedia. 3m. com/mws/mediawebserver? 77777XxamfIVO&Wwo_Pw5_W7HYxTHfxajYv7HYv7H777777 ex. emailprotected_id4240pl_id3558. htm http//www. tu-harburg. de/tim/downloads/arbeitspapiere/Working_Paper_5. pdf http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Post-it_note http//www. 3m. com/us/about3M/innovation/archive. hypertext markup language